张力带与张力钩固定髌骨骨折疗效比较

目的:比较改良张力带钢丝(以下简称张力带)与形状记忆双向张力钩(以下简称张力钩)内固定治疗髌骨骨折的疗效。方法:回顾使用张力带、张力钩治疗髌骨骨折116例的手术与康复情况。结果:两组病例手术及康复时间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。张力钩组并发症少,膝关节功能优良率、骨折愈合优良率均高于张力带组。结论:髌骨骨折以张力钩固定,操作更简便,康复更顺利,疗效更好。     

Psychopathology and quality of life burden in chronic daily headache: influence of migraine symptoms

The aim of this study is to compare the psychopathology and the quality of life of chronic daily headache patients between those with migraine headache and those with tension-type headache. We enrolled 106 adults with chronic daily headache (CDH) who consulted for the first time in specialised centres. The patients were classified according to the IHS 2004 criteria and the propositions of the Headache Classification Committee (2006) with a computed algorithm: 8 had chronic migraine (without medication overuse), 18 had chronic tension-type headache (without medication overuse), 80 had medication overuse headache and among them, 43 fulfilled the criteria for the sub-group of migraine (m) MOH, and 37 the subgroup for tension-type (tt) MOH. We tested five variables: MADRS global score, HAMA psychic and somatic sub-scales, SF-36 psychic, and somatic summary components. We compared patients with migraine symptoms (CM and mMOH) to those with tension-type symptoms (CTTH and ttMOH) and neutralised pain intensity with an ANCOVA which is a priori higher in the migraine group. We failed to find any difference between migraine and tension-type groups in the MADRS global score, the HAMA psychological sub-score and the SF36 physical component summary. The HAMA somatic anxiety subscale was higher in the migraine group than in the tension-type group (F(1,103) = 10.10, p = 0.001). The SF36 mental component summary was significantly worse in the migraine as compared with the tension-type subgroup (F(1,103) = 5.758, p = 0.018). In the four CDH subgroups, all the SF36 dimension scores except one (Physical Functioning) showed a more than 20 point difference from those seen in the adjusted historical controls. Furthermore, two sub-scores were significantly more affected in the migraine group as compared to the tension-type group, the physical health bodily pain (F(1,103) = 4.51, p = 0.036) and the mental health (F(1,103) = 8.17, p = 0.005). Considering that the statistic procedure neutralises the pain intensity factor, our data suggest a particular vulnerability to somatic symptoms and a special predisposition to develop negative pain affect in migraine patients in comparison to tension-type patients.     

创伤休克合并张力性气胸30例临床诊治体会

目的探讨创伤休克合并张力性气胸的诊治方法。方法对急诊来院救治30例创伤休克时张力性气胸患者临床资料进行回顾性分析总结。结果5例患者为严重多发伤休克并张力性气胸于急诊室抢救无效死亡,其余25例经急诊处置和病区治疗康复出院。结论对于创伤性休克合并张力性气胸的病员,应当机立断,首先解决张力性气胸所引起的严重症状,为纠正休克和后续多发伤处治争取时间：     

Plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide concentration is comparable to control group among migraineurs and tension type headache subjects during inter-ictal period

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is known to increase during acute attack of migraine and tension type headache (TTH). However, its concentration during inter-ictal period is not known. This may help us to understand the pathophysiology of these headaches. The objectives of this study are to find out the concentration of CGRP in plasma during inter-ictal period among migraineurs and TTH and to compare it with control group through cross-sectional study from headache clinic of a tertiary centre. Study sample comprised of three groups: migraineurs, TTH subjects as well as a healthy control group. Fifty subjects in each group were included after screening for the respective inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. None of the subjects was blood relatives of other subject. Their venous blood was drawn and plasma was separated to be kept at −70°C. CGRP was analysed with commercially available ELISA kit. Data were analysed with the help of SPSS V 11.0 for Windows. Chi-square, independent sample t test and one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey and univariate regression were performed. Plasma CGRP concentration was not different among three diagnostic groups (F = 0.78; P = 0.49). Similarly, plasma CGRP concentration was not different among episodic TTH and chronic TTH groups (t = 0.32; P = 0.97) and comparison of episodic and chronic migraine groups also revealed similar results in this study (1.14 vs. 0.94 ng/ml; P = 0.23). The presence of aura did not affect the inter-ictal CGRP levels among migraineurs (F = 0.16; P = 0.85). In conclusion, this study suggests that migraine and TTH could be episodic disorders and subjects have comparable CGRP levels during inter-ictal period.     

无张力疝修补术治疗老年复发性腹股沟疝患者的综合疗效观察

目的 分析无张力疝修补术治疗老年复发性腹股沟疝患者的综合疗效。方法 选取2015-01～2016-04期间在宝塔区人民医院诊治的老年复发性腹股沟疝患者120例作为研究对象,随机分为三组,A组采用Lichtenstein无张力疝修补术,B组采用Rutkow无张力疝修补术,C组采用传统的Bassini疝修补术;观察三组预后情况。结果 比较患者的术后下床时间与术后住院天数,A组与B组都明显少于C组,同时A组也较B组天数少(P＜0.05);在术后14 d并发症发生率方面,A组与B组均明显少于C组,且A组少于B组(P＜0.05)。结论 无张力疝修补术治疗老年复发性腹股沟疝疗效显著,相对于Rutkow手术和Bassini手术,Lichtenstein手术具有更好的微创性,能减少术后并发症的发生,更具临床优势。     

瘢痕疙瘩放射治疗的疗效与皮肤张力的关系

目的 比较低张力、高张力部位瘢痕疙瘩、放射剂量与临床疗效的关系, 探讨放射治疗的最优方式。方法 选取48例瘢痕疙瘩患者, 其中25例有2处瘢痕位于高张力区:胸部、肩部、耻骨部;23例有2处瘢痕位于低张力区:耳部、颌颈部, 采用随机、开放、自身对照的前瞻性研究方法, 分为高剂量组(A组)、低剂量组(B组)。患者均首先采用二氧化碳点阵激光治疗, 创面愈合24 h内, 给予采用³²P敷贴器治疗,A组和B组分别给予7 Gy、5 Gy, 共3次, 放射总剂量分别为21 Gy、15 Gy。比较2组患者的临床疗效和不良反应的发生率。结果 ①低张力区:A组患者治愈率(95.2%)和温哥华瘢痕量表评分(5.21±0.78), 与B组患者治愈率(80.9%)和温哥华瘢痕量表评分(5.43±0.53)比较差异无统计学意义(χ²=2.043, t=1.069, P>0.05)。A组不良反应发生率(71.4%)高于B组(38.1%), χ²=4.709, P<0.05;②高张力区:A组患者治愈率(75.0%)和温哥华瘢痕量表评分(5.56±0.51)优于B组患者治愈率(41.7%)和温哥华瘢痕量表评分(6.96±0.71), χ²=5.486, t=7.846, P<0.05。结论 瘢痕疙瘩应根据不同位置采取不同放射剂量。对于低张力区瘢痕疙瘩分3次给予15 Gy, 高张力区瘢痕疙瘩分3次给予21 Gy, 能取得较好的临床疗效。     

Conservative management as an initial approach for post-operative voiding dysfunction

Objectives

The management of voiding dysfunction after tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) remains controversial. Timing of surgical intervention is debatable and the role of conservative management is not well researched. This study aims to determine whether self catheterisation is an effective first line management option for these patients.

Study design

389 women underwent a TVT operation over a five year period. Twenty-two (5.6%) developed post-operative voiding dysfunction. Twenty women commenced CISC and their progress was monitored by recording voided volumes and residual urine volumes in a voiding diary and uroflowmetry. Residual volumes of less than 100 ml s were considered normal.

Results

Voiding function returned to normal with self catheterisation in 72% of patients and of these, 85% were cured in less than 12 weeks.

Conclusion

CISC is a suitable and effective initial approach to managing the majority of cases of voiding dysfunction and avoids the risks associated with further surgery, including the recurrence of stress incontinence.     

Hydrogen sulfide-induced enhancement of gastric fundus smooth muscle tone is mediated by voltagedependent potassium and calcium channels in mice

AIM:To investigate the effect of hydrogen sulfide(H2S)on smooth muscle motility in the gastric fundus.METHODS:The expression of cystathionineβ-synthase(CBS)and cystathionineγ-lyase(CSE)in cultured smooth muscle cells from the gastric fundus was examined by the immunocytochemistry technique.The tension of the gastric fundus smooth muscle was recorded by an isometric force transducer under the condition of isometric contraction with each end of the smooth muscle strip tied with a silk thread.Intracellular recording was used to identify whether hydrogen sulfide affects the resting membrane potential of the gastric fundus in vitro.Cells were freshly separated from the gastric fundus of mice using a variety of enzyme digestion methods and whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to find the effects of hydrogen sulfide on voltage-dependent potassium channel and calcium channel.Calcium imaging with fura-3AM loading was used to investigate the mechanism by which hydrogen sulfide regulates gastric fundus motility in cultured smooth muscle cells.RESULTS:We found that both CBS and CSE were expressed in the cul tured smooth muscle cel ls from the gastric fundus and that H2S increased the smooth muscle tension of the gastric fundus in mice at low concentrations.In addition,nicardipine and aminooxyacetic acid(AOAA),a CBS inhibitor,reduced the tension,whereas Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester,a nonspecific nitric oxide synthase,increased the tension.The AOAA-induced relaxation was significantly recovered by H2S,and the Na HS-induced increase in tonic contraction was blocked by 5 mmol/L4-aminopyridine and 1μmol/L nicardipine.Na HS significantly depolarized the membrane potential and inhibited the voltage-dependent potassium currents.Moreover,Na HS increased L-type Ca2+currents and caused an elevation in intracellular calcium([Ca2+]i).CONCLUSION:These findings suggest that H2S may be an excitatory modulator in the gastric fundus in mice.The excitatory effect is mediated by voltagedependent potassium and L-type calcium channels.